"The Romans are often characterized as loving violent and cruel entertainment in the amphitheatre. It has been suggested that the games served the dual purpose of providing entertainment for the people and maintaining the political status quo." In today’s society‚ the killing of humans and animals usually means a jail term‚ and seeing someone die is not something people go and see for fun. Violence was glorified in Rome hundreds of years ago. All the crimes they committed were condoned‚ accepted
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“My dear Tacitus‚ You ask me to write you something about the death of my uncle so that the account you transmit to posterity is as reliable as possible. I am grateful to you‚ for I see that his death will be remembered forever if you treat it. He perished in a devastation of the loveliest of lands‚ in a memorable disaster shared by peoples and cities‚ but this will be a kind of eternal life for him. Although he wrote a great number of enduring works himself‚ the imperishable nature of your writings
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Earliest history There is archaeological evidence of human occupation of the Rome area from approximately 14‚000 years ago‚ but the dense layer of much younger debris obscures Palaeolithic and Neolithic sites.[21] Evidence of stone tools‚ pottery and stone weapons attest to about 10‚000 years of human presence. Several excavations support the view that Rome grew from pastoral settlements on the Palatine Hill built above the area of the future Roman Forum. While some archaeologists argue that Rome
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Water and Soil Protection Soil Contamination: Soil contamination or soil pollution is caused by the presence of xenobiotic (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. It is typically caused by industrial activity‚ agricultural chemicals‚ or improper disposal of waste. The most common chemicals involved are petroleum hydrocarbons‚ polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (such as naphthalene and benzo (a) pyrene)‚ solvents‚ pesticides‚ lead‚ and other heavy metals. Contamination
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SOIL POLLUTION INTRODUCTION Soil is the thin layer of organic and inorganic materials that covers the Earth’s rocky surface. The organic portion‚ which is derived from the decayed remains of plants and animals‚ is concentrated in the dark uppermost topsoil. The inorganic portion made up of rock fragments‚ was formed over thousands of years by physical and chemical weathering of bedrock. Productive soils are necessary for agriculture to supply the world with sufficient
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080722_EUC_461-482.qxd 8/28/56 8:29 AM Page 461 Volume 4 (4): 461–482: 1477-3708 DOI: 10.1177/1477370807080722 Copyright © 2007 European Society of Criminology and SAGE Publications Los Angeles‚ London‚ New Delhi and Singapore www.sagepublications.com Crime and Criminal Policy in Italy* Tradition and Modernity in a Troubled Country Stefano Maffei University of Parma‚ Italy Isabella Merzagora Betsos University of Milan‚ Italy ABSTRACT This paper investigates the development
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Roman Sex Roles: Priapus: guardian of the garden who had an enormous phallus and threatened to penetrate or rape any thieves; often seen holding a fruit basket‚ club‚ or sickle. Pederasty: known as sex with a boy (12-18 years old) by an older man; was very normal and legal in Rome; normally occurred until their beard began to show Cinaedus/Mollis: term for adult males who want to be penetrated; these men often became victim of civil disabilities because this was non-normative
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Cities of Vesuvius Geographical Context: Physical environment Located in the region of Campania‚ 200km South of Rome. Fertile soil‚ rich in phosphorus and potash‚ due to volcanic activity from Mt Vesuvius over the millennia. Vesuvius is part of a chain of volcanoes-Mt Etna and Mt Stromboli Earthquakes and tremors are common to the area-mentioned by Vitruvius and Strabo). The Phlegraean Fields(fire fields) where geothermal activity produced steam and boiling mud. Romans built hot spa health
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Caesar ’s Conquest of Gaul Gaius Julius Caesar‚ born 100 B.C.E. in Rome to the impoverished patrician Julian Clan‚ knew controversy at an early age. Nephew to Popular Gaius Marius‚ he was earmarked by the Optimate dictator Sulla for prosciption after his refusal to divorce his Popular wife‚ Cinna. Fleeing Rome‚ and not returning until after Sulla ’s resignation in 78 B.C.E‚ upon his return he gained a position as a pontificate‚ an important Roman priesthood. Slowly but surely throughout his lifetime
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erupted causing devastation in the surrounding area. Prior to the earthquake tremors were felt‚ however these warning signs were brushed off. Pliny the younger even wrote of these tremors as ”not particularly alarming because they are frequent in Campania”. It is thought that seismic activity heightened on the 20th August‚ so the four days before the erupted were littered with many earthquakes .The people of Pompeii were not even aware that Vesuvius was a volcano‚ there is no word in Latin for volcano
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