Raman Amplifier Introduction Basic Raman Concept High Power Raman Fiber Lasers Raman Fiber Amplifier Combining EDFA and Raman Amplifier Conclusion January 8‚ 2008 Y. Lin: Raman Amplifier 1 Introduction Raman Amplifier was demonstrated in the 1980s Unavailability of high-power diode laser pump source Why do you need it : amplify signals from 1270 to 1670 nm any optical fiber can serve as the amplifying medium Raman process itself provides high-power laser Disadvantage:
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The adaptation of natural fiber composites in the consumer industry has not had the same explosive growth as with the transportation or even the construction industry. The benefits of cost savings and weight reduction that can be obtained with natural fiber composites played a significant role for the proliferation into those respective industries. But in the consumer market‚ stemming from the rise of synthetic fibers starting in the 1940’s‚ glass fiber and carbon fibers have dominated the market
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(Q.)Give one example of each: metals and non-metals. (Ans) Metals: Copper. Non-Metals: Sulphur. (Q.)Name the metal‚ which is the best conductor of heat and electricity. (Ans) Copper. (Q.)Name the property by virtue of which metals can be drawn into thin wires. (Ans) Ductility. Q.)Name the gas produced‚ when metals reacts with acids. (Ans) Hydrogen gas. (Q.)What is the color of the copper sulphate solution? (1 Mark) (Ans) Blue. (Q.)State the nature of oxides
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Fiber Optics Fiber Optic Cable Facts "A relatively new technology with vast potential importance‚ fiber optics is the channeled transmission of light through hair-thin glass fibers." [ Less expensive than copper cables [ Raw material is silica sand [ Less expensive to maintain If damaged‚ restoration time is faster (although more users are affected) [ Backbone to the Information Superhighway Information (data and voice) is transmitted through the fiber digitally by the use of high
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Dietary Fiber Dietary Fiber is the parts of plant that resist digestive enzymes. A few definitions of dietary fibers are nondigestible carbohydrates and lignin that are intrinsic and intact in plants. nondigestible carbohydrates and lignin that are intact in plants. Another definition is the edible parts of plants or analogous carbohydrates that are resistant to digestion and absorption in the human small intestine‚ with complete or partial fermentation in the large intestine. Dietary Fiber are
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OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION Zafar Yasin OUTLINE - Introduction about Optical Fibers. Main Characteristics of Fiber Optics Communication System. Light propagation in an Optical Fiber. Mode Analysis for Single Mode Fiber. Mode Analysis for Multimode Fibers. Surface Plasmon Resonance. Optical Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors. Fibre Optic? Dielectric waveguide of cylindrical geometry with core and cladding of suitable material. refractive index of core > refractive index of
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Fiber Optics History of Fiber Optics History Of Fiber Optics In 1870‚ John Tyndall‚ using a jet of water that flowed from one container to another and a beam of light‚ demonstrated that light used internal reflection to follow a specific path. • Alexander Graham Bell patented an optical telephone system‚ which he called the Photophone • He dreamed of sending signals through the air‚ but the atmosphere didn’t transmit light as reliably as wires carried electricity. • During the 1920s‚ John
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Fiber optics is a cable that is quickly replacing out-dated copper wires. Fiber optics is based on a concept known as total internal reflection. It can transmit video‚ sound‚ or data in either analog or digital form . Compared to copper wires it can transmit thousands of times more data (slide 2) . Some of its general uses are telecommunications‚ computing‚ and medicine. <br> <br>The very first "fiber" was made in 1870 by the British physicist John Tyndal. In this experiment that he showed to the
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and Sound - 4th Six Weeks Project Fiber Optics Sara McCormack‚ Special Harris‚ K’sandra Cunningham‚ and Arkayza Ross Light‚ Color‚ and Sound – Fiber Optics An optical fiber is made up of a core‚ cladding‚ and a buffer. The cladding moves the light along the core by using total internal reflection. The core and the cladding are usually made of high-quality silica glass‚ but they can both be made of plastic as well. Connecting two optical fibers is done by fusion splicing or mechanical
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he recommended fiber intake is 20 - 35 grams per day for adults‚ or 10 - 13 grams for every 1‚000 calories in the diet. This recommended amount should come from a combination of soluble and insoluble fiber‚ since each type provides different benefits. While it’s not necessary to track‚ a 3:1 ratio of insoluble to soluble fiber is typical. Although neither type is absorbed by the body‚ they have different properties when mixed with water‚ hence the designation between the two. However‚ due to
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