Organic Chemistry Review of Alkanes and Reactions
1. List all Functional Groups
2. What is an alkane? List its properties.
3. Write the name and formula of simple alkanes
4. Consider this compound (CH3)2CHCH2C(CH3)3. Name this.
a. redraw it clearing all brackets and parentheses.
b. Find the longest chain. Check from all directions. If it is not horizontal, rewrite the compound that so that longest chain IS horizontal.
c. Number the carbons of the longest chain backwards and forwards.
d. Name the longest chain. (reference the list of simple alkanes)
e. Circle the branches.
f. Name and number the branches, forward to backward. Use the lowest set of numbers.
g. if the branches are different their names are put in alphabetical order.
Butyl, ethyl, methyl, propyl
Note:
If 2 identical groups = di
If 3 identical groups = tri
If 4 identical groups = tetra
If 5 identical groups = penta
If 6 identical groups = hexa
If 7 identical groups = hepta
5. Consider this compound (CH3)3C(CH2)2CH(CH2CH3)CH3. Name this.
6. Name all cyclics.
7. What is cis? trans?
8. Name these.
C(CH3)3
C(CH3)3
CH3
CH3
9. Go from the name to the structure
a. 2, 3, 4 –tri methyldecane
b. 4- t-butyl- 3- ethyl-3 -1 propylnonane
c. 1, 1 di- ethylcyclopentane
d. cis – 1, 2- dimethylcyclopentane
e. trans – 1, 3 – diethylcyclopentane
10. Write the combustion reaction of alkanes. HINT: Balance the element last (O2)
a. alkane + O2
b. CH4 + O2
c. ethane + O2
d.
e.
f. 4- t-butyl-heptane + O2
g.
h. (CH3)3C(CH2)10C(CH3) + O2
2. What is an alkane? List its properties.
3. Write the name and formula of simple alkanes
4. Consider this compound (CH3)2CHCH2C(CH3)3. Name this.
a. redraw it clearing all brackets and parentheses.
b. Find the longest chain. Check from all directions. If it is not horizontal, rewrite the compound that so that longest chain IS horizontal.
c. Number the carbons of the longest chain backwards and forwards.
d. Name the longest chain. (reference the list of simple alkanes)
e. Circle the branches.
f. Name and number the branches, forward to backward. Use the lowest set of numbers.
g. if the branches are different their names are put in alphabetical order.
Butyl, ethyl, methyl, propyl
Note:
If 2 identical groups = di
If 3 identical groups = tri
If 4 identical groups = tetra
If 5 identical groups = penta
If 6 identical groups = hexa
If 7 identical groups = hepta
5. Consider this compound (CH3)3C(CH2)2CH(CH2CH3)CH3. Name this.
6. Name all cyclics.
7. What is cis? trans?
8. Name these.
C(CH3)3
C(CH3)3
CH3
CH3
9. Go from the name to the structure
a. 2, 3, 4 –tri methyldecane
b. 4- t-butyl- 3- ethyl-3 -1 propylnonane
c. 1, 1 di- ethylcyclopentane
d. cis – 1, 2- dimethylcyclopentane
e. trans – 1, 3 – diethylcyclopentane
10. Write the combustion reaction of alkanes. HINT: Balance the element last (O2)
a. alkane + O2
b. CH4 + O2
c. ethane + O2
d.
e.
f. 4- t-butyl-heptane + O2
g.
h. (CH3)3C(CH2)10C(CH3) + O2