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Attachment Paper
Impact of Childhood Attachments on Adult Health and the Establishment of Relationships

Patricia L. Fowler

Liberty University

COUN 502 – Human Growth and Development

Dr. Luanne Bender Long

October 08, 2012

Abstract

Clinical research has demonstrated that there is a direct correlation between the parent-child attachment and the psychodynamics of adult relationships. The theory of attachment, by John Bowlby, has been instrumental in the advancement of modern psychology. Bowlby’s attachment theory provides a strong framework for the comprehension of both the nature of close relationships and the link between the associations of children and how this affects their relationships as adults, as well as, various health issues concerning adults. The following research endeavor reviews the literature concerning the validity and reliability of the attachment styles that can be a predicting factor as to how adults engage in the formation of relationships. Research presented will also help to elucidate how attachment styles during childhood relate to adult related health issues The following essay will define attachment theory as described by Bowlby and Ainsworth; followed by an analysis how attachments formed in early childhood have an impact on attachments formed during adulthood. The main focus of the research will examine the evidence concerning attachment assessment methods. Finally, the research essay will examine the empirical evidence depicting how attachment predicts relationship tendencies in adults along with the risk factors for certain health related issues from the perspective attachment style.

John Bowlby’s theory of attachment has been instrumental in the advancement of modern psychology. According to Bowlby (1982), attachments exist to bring infants into close proximity with their caregivers thereby protecting the infant from harm and predation. The idea of attachment was



References: Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1989). Attachments beyond infancy. American Psychologist, 44, 709-716. Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation Anderson, S.E., & Whitaker, R. C. (2011). Attachment security and obesity in US preschool aged children Berk, L. (2007). Development through the lifespan (4th ed.). Sydney, NSW: Allyn and Bacon. Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and Loss: Attachment. New York: Basic Books. Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University. (2010). The foundations of lifelong health are built in early childhood Coan, J.A., Schaefer, H. A., & Davidson, R. J. (2006). Lending a hand: Social regulation of the neural response to threat Gouin, J. P., Glaser, R., Loving, T .J., Malarkay, W. B., Stowell, J., Houts, C., & Kiccolt-Glaser, J. K. (2008). Main, M., Kaplan, N., & Cassidy, J. (1985). Security in infancy, childhood, and adulthood: A move to the Level of representation McWilliams, L. A., & Bailey, S .J. (2010). Associations between adult attachment ratings and health conditions: Evidence from the national comorbidity survey replication Pearce, R. (2009). Attachment theory predicts the formation of romantic relationships. Puig, J., Englund, M. M., Simpson, J .A., & Collins, W. A. (2012). Predicting adult physical illness from Infant attachment: A prospective longitudinal study Roisman, G. I., Holland, A., Fortuna, K., Fraley, C., Clausell, E. & Clarke, A. (2007). The Adult Attachment Interview and self-reports of attachment style: An empirical rapproachement Simpson, J. A., & Rholes, W .S. (2012). Adult attachment orientations, stress, and romantic Relationships Simpson, J. A., Collins, W. A., Tran, S., & Haydon, K. C. (2007). Attachment and the experience and Expression of emotions in romantic relationships: A developmental perspective Westen, D., Nakash, O., Thomas, C., & Bradley, R. (2006). Clinical assessment of attachment patterns and personality disorder in adolescents and adults 74(6), 1065-1085.

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